TP23 Stufe 4: AGH CIDR-Gruppen+Policy auf .36/.37 + Sync/Exception-Tooling

- A0: API-User 'automation' auf agh-bf1/.36 + agh-bf2/.37 (PW in ~/.secrets, TP30-Merkposten)
- A: 8 clients.persistent (7 VLAN-CIDR-Gruppen + dns-bypass-exempt), Policy-Matrix
  (INFRA/MEDIA/MGMT filtering=aus, GUEST safe-search+parental an), live verifiziert
- B: agh-sync.py (check/push), Repo-SSoT AdGuardHome.yaml mit REDIGIERTEN Hashes
  (Alt-Hash-Exposure im Git entfernt); Invariante .36==.37 (AGH normalisiert beim Restart)
- C: agh-exception.py (allow-domain/unallow/unfilter/refilter/status) gegen beide
  Instanzen, end-to-end getestet; Contract in adguard/README.md
- Stufe 6 (Bypass-Sperre) NICHT geschaltet; kein DHCP-/Firewall-Write

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

adguard/agh-exception.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+agh-exception.py — TP23 Stufe 5 Exception-Primitive gegen das AGH-Paar (.36 + .37).
+
+Von der HA-Self-Service-Schicht (rest_command) ODER von Hand aufrufbar. Wirkt IMMER auf
+BEIDE Instanzen (kein Sync im Datenpfad). KEIN eigenes Timing — Ablauf/Revert macht der
+Aufrufer (HA-Timer) bzw. der RouterOS-Backstop (Stufe 6). Diese CLI ist reines add/remove.
+
+  allow-domain   <domain>   → user_rules += @@||domain^   (Domain für ALLE entsperren)
+  unallow-domain <domain>   → user_rules -= @@||domain^
+  unfilter       <ip>       → Client (dessen ids <ip> enthält) filtering_enabled=false
+  refilter       <ip>       → denselben Client wieder filtern (use_global_settings=true)
+  status                    → user_rules + Client-Policy beider Instanzen
+
+Auth: AGH_AUTOMATION_USER/_PASS aus ~/.secrets/credentials.env (nie in argv).
+"""
+import sys, os, json, base64, urllib.request, urllib.error, pathlib
+
+INST = ["10.40.20.36", "10.40.20.37"]
+SECRETS = pathlib.Path.home() / ".secrets/credentials.env"
+
+
+def creds():
+    u = p = None
+    for line in SECRETS.read_text().splitlines():
+        if line.startswith("AGH_AUTOMATION_USER="): u = line.split("=", 1)[1].strip()
+        if line.startswith("AGH_AUTOMATION_PASS="): p = line.split("=", 1)[1].strip()
+    if not (u and p): sys.exit("AGH_AUTOMATION_USER/_PASS fehlen in ~/.secrets")
+    return u, p
+
+
+AUTH = "Basic " + base64.b64encode(":".join(creds()).encode()).decode()
+
+
+def api(ip, path, method="GET", body=None):
+    url = f"http://{ip}{path}"
+    data = json.dumps(body).encode() if body is not None else None
+    req = urllib.request.Request(url, data=data, method=method,
+                                 headers={"Authorization": AUTH,
+                                          "Content-Type": "application/json"})
+    try:
+        with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=8) as r:
+            raw = r.read()
+            return json.loads(raw) if raw else {}
+    except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
+        sys.exit(f"{ip} {path} → HTTP {e.code}: {e.read().decode()[:200]}")
+    except Exception as e:
+        sys.exit(f"{ip} {path} → {e}")
+
+
+def rule(domain):
+    return f"@@||{domain}^"
+
+
+def allow(domain, remove=False):
+    r = rule(domain)
+    for ip in INST:
+        st = api(ip, "/control/filtering/status")
+        rules = st.get("user_rules", [])
+        if remove:
+            rules = [x for x in rules if x != r]
+        elif r not in rules:
+            rules = rules + [r]
+        api(ip, "/control/filtering/set_rules", "POST", {"rules": rules})
+        print(f"{ip}: {'entfernt' if remove else 'gesetzt'} {r} (user_rules={len(rules)})")
+
+
+def set_filter(ip_addr, enabled):
+    for ip in INST:
+        data = api(ip, "/control/clients")
+        c = None
+        for cand in data.get("clients", []):
+            if ip_addr in cand.get("ids", []):
+                c = cand; break
+        if not c:
+            sys.exit(f"{ip}: kein Client mit id exakt {ip_addr} — für Gruppen die CIDR angeben")
+        c = dict(c)
+        c["use_global_settings"] = enabled
+        c["filtering_enabled"] = enabled
+        api(ip, "/control/clients/update", "POST", {"name": c["name"], "data": c})
+        print(f"{ip}: {c['name']} filtering={'an' if enabled else 'AUS'}")
+
+
+def status():
+    for ip in INST:
+        st = api(ip, "/control/filtering/status")
+        allows = [r for r in st.get("user_rules", []) if r.startswith("@@")]
+        cl = api(ip, "/control/clients").get("clients", [])
+        print(f"== {ip} ==  allow-rules={allows or '—'}")
+        for c in cl:
+            print(f"   {c['name']:16} ids={c['ids']} global={c['use_global_settings']} filt={c['filtering_enabled']}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    a = sys.argv[1:]
+    if not a: sys.exit(__doc__)
+    cmd = a[0]
+    if cmd == "allow-domain":   allow(a[1])
+    elif cmd == "unallow-domain": allow(a[1], remove=True)
+    elif cmd == "unfilter":     set_filter(a[1], False)
+    elif cmd == "refilter":     set_filter(a[1], True)
+    elif cmd == "status":       status()
+    else: sys.exit(f"unbekannt: {cmd}\n{__doc__}")